Empirical data show that biodiversity can be spared through nodule harvesting.
Environmental NGOs regularly publish misleading information about nodule harvesting in an effort to manipulate public opinion and raise funding.
We examine the empirical evidence related to environmental impacts from both nodule harvesting and terrestrial mining.
Nodule harvesting can dramatically reset the battery mineral supply chain in a manner that favors US interests.
Supply deficits loom for many critical energy minerals according to energy analysts.
Demand for energy minerals is set to grow much faster than it has historically if we are to meet decarbonization goals.